Executive Brief

Greece 2025: The Eastern Mediterranean’s Five-Fold Strategic Hub

Panagiotis Kountouriotis — Nicosia, 23 November 2023

By 2025, the Eastern Mediterranean has moved from offshore hydrocarbon geopolitics to the geopolitics of connectivity, security and resilience. Greece now functions as a five-pillar hub — energy, trade, digital, defense and geopolitical stability — aligning closely with EU, US and regional priorities.

Eastern Mediterranean: A New Energy Map and Shifting Geopolitics Through 2030 Introduction

Eastern Mediterranean: A New Energy Map and Shifting Geopolitics Through 2030

Introduction
The Eastern Mediterranean is undergoing significant realignment in its energy landscape. The EU is working to reduce its reliance on Russian gas, while Israel and Egypt scale up production. Greece is emerging as an LNG transit hub, and Turkey is pursuing greater energy autonomy. These developments are reshaping the region’s geopolitical balance. The window for monetizing hydrocarbons is narrowing as the global shift to cleaner energy accelerates. Countries that move quickly on investment and cooperation will hold strategic advantage by 2030.

Back to the Bomb? Trump’s Nuclear Testing Gamble and the Politics of Fear

Panos Kountouriotis

November 1, 2025

Introduction: A Statement That Shook the World

On October 30, 2025, U.S. President Donald Trump announced from the Oval Office a decision unprecedented in 33 years:

"I have ordered the Pentagon to immediately begin preparations to resume nuclear testing in the United States. We will do this on par with other countries that are already doing it."

Within hours, the news made headlines worldwide. From the Nevada National Security Site to the Kremlin and Beijing, the international community faced a question long considered settled: Will the global moratorium on nuclear tests be broken?